Introduction
During my university studies I was doing a diploma thesis in field of Redundant and reliable networking. The purpose of itwas to create LAB examples for students, so they can test First Hop Redundancy Protocols (FHRP) , Any Transport over MPLS (AToM) and Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) on Cisco platform. These tasks are created to Virtlab (Virtual lab with physical Cisco routers) however configuration is valid and tested on physical Cisco routers as well.
Each task in the series will have its separate post with brief description of the task and schema. Complete task can be downloaded on My Skydrive
ZIP file contains:
-
*.HTML file – complete step by step guide how to perform the task
- *.PNG – pictures with topology and others
- *_preconf.txt – file with basic configuration of topology to be able to focus on task goal (IP addresses, interfaces and so on)
- *_end.txt – file with complete configuration. Once put to the routers, you will get working task
- *.dia – Topology in free DIA editor
- *.XML – topology in XML format
To complete the task:
-
Connect your environment accorrding the topology
- open the file *_preconf.txt from ZIP file with complete task and configure your environment with basic settings so you can start with the task.
Multicast redundancy – IPv4
Title: Multicast redundancy – IPv4
Goal:
- Configure Protocol Independent Multicast on IPv4 network.
- Configure MA1 and MA2 as mapping agents. Configure PIM with auto-RP feature. Configure routers RP1 and RP2 as rendezvous point candidates.
- Test multicast redundancy and functionality.
Required time: 120 minutes
Theoretical background:
Topology:
Configuration:
1) Basic network configuration
IP addresses and OSPF routing area 0 should be configured on each router and PC.
PC1
PC1#ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
PC1#route add default gw 192.168.1.1
PC2
PC2#ifconfig eth0 172.16.0.2 netmask 255.255.255.0
PC2#route add default gw 172.16.0.1
Router MA1
MA1(config)#hostname MA1
MA1(config)#interface #MA1:MA1-SW#
MA1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
MA1(config-if)#no shutdown
MA1(config)#router ospf 1
MA1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router MA2
MA2(config)#hostname MA2
MA2(config)#interface #MA2:MA2-SW#
MA2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.2 255.255.255.0
MA2(config-if)#no shutdown
MA2(config)#router ospf 1
MA2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router RP1
RP1(config)#hostname RP1
RP1(config)#interface #RP1:RP1-SW#
RP1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.4 255.255.255.0
RP1(config-if)#no shutdown
RP1(config)#router ospf 1
RP1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router RP2
RP2(config)#hostname RP2
RP2(config)#interface #RP2:RP2-SW#
RP2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.6 255.255.255.0
RP2(config-if)#no shutdown
RP2(config)#router ospf 1
RP2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router R1
R1(config)#hostname R1
R1(config)#interface #R1:R1-SW#
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.3 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config)#interface #R1:PC1-R1#
R1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Router R2
R2(config)#hostname R2
R2(config)#interface #R2:R2-SW#
R2(config-if)#ip address 10.0.0.5 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#interface #R2:PC2-R2#
R2(config)#ip address 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shutdown
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#network 10.0.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
Test connectivity between devices using ping command.
2) Multicast configuration – mapping agents
Router MA1
MA1(config)#ip multicast-routing; enable multicast routing on the router
MA1(config)#interface #MA1:MA1-SW#
MA1(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode; enable PIM protocol in sparse-dense mode
MA1(config)#ip pim send-rp-discovery scope 100; set router as Mapping agent, hello messages will be sent with TTL 100
Router MA2
MA2(config)#ip multicast-routing; enable multicast routing on the router
MA2(config)#interface #MA2:MA2-SW#
MA2(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode; enable PIM protocol in sparse-dense mode
MA2(config)#ip pim send-rp-discovery scope 100; set router as Mapping agent, hello messages will be sent with TTL 100
3) Multicast configuration – rendezvouz points
Router RP1
RP1(config)#ip multicast-routing
RP1(config)#interface #RP1:RP1-SW#
RP1(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode; enable PIM protocol in sparse-dense mode
RP1(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce 10.0.0.4 scope 100; set router to announce itself as RP candidate
RP1(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce #RP1:RP1-SW# scope 100 interval 20; set router to announce itself as RP candidate on interface #RP1:RP1-SW#, TTL 100, every 20 seconds
Router RP2
RP2(config)#ip multicast-routing
RP2(config)#interface #RP2:RP2-SW#
RP2(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode; enable PIM protocol in sparse-dense mode
RP2(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce 10.0.0.6 scope 100; set router to announce itself as RP candidate
RP2(config)#ip pim send-rp-announce #RP2:RP2-SW# scope 100 interval 20;set router to announce itself as RP candidate on interface #RP2:RP2-SW#, TTL 100, every 20 seconds
4) Multicast configuration – client routers
Router R1
R1(config)#ip multicast-routing
R1(config)#interface #R1:R1-SW#
R1(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R1(config)#interface #R1:PC1-R1#
R1(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode
Router R2
R2(config)#ip multicast-routing
R2(config)#interface #R2:R2-SW#
R2(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode
R2(config)#interface #R2:PC2-R2#
R2(config-if)#ip pim sparse-dense-mode
Function test:
1) Turn PIM debugging on
MA1# debug ip pim; turn PIM debuggign on to display PIM communication
2) Display PIM information
MA1# sh ip pim rp mapping; show which router is RP
MA1# sh ip pim autorp ; display if auto RP is enabled
MA1# sh ip pim neighbor ; display PIM neighbors
3) send multicast traffic
PC1# mcast -4 -s -a 239.0.10.10 -m "This is multicast message"; run mcast application as sender of IPv4 multicast traffic to group address 239.0.10.10
PC2# mcast -4 -l -a 239.0.10.10 ; run mcast application as listener of IPv4 multicast traffic to group address 239.0.10.10
4) Turn RP2 off to initiate RP1 to be rendezvouz point
RP2(config)#interface #RP2:RP2-SW#
RP2(config-if)#shutdown
; after interface shutdown router RP2 will no longer act as RP, RP role will be switched to the RP1 which has lower IP address
5) Display PIM information
MA1# sh ip pim rp mapping; show which router is RP
MA1# sh ip pim autorp ; display if auto RP is enabled
MA1# sh ip pim neighbor ; display PIM neighbors
6) Turn MA2 off to use MA1 as mapping agent
MA2(config)#interface #MA2:MA2-SW#
MA2(config-if)#shutdown
; after interface shutdown router MA2 will no longer act as mapping agent, role will be swithed to the MA1 which has lower IP address
7) Display PIM information
MA1# sh ip pim rp mapping; show which router is RP
MA1# sh ip pim autorp ; display if auto RP is enabled
MA1# sh ip pim neighbor ; display PIM neighbors
